- Los ntawm LiuXing, Senior Flow Measurement Engineer nrog 15+ xyoo dhau los hauv ultrasonic flowmeter R&D,
Cov ntawv pov thawj hauv CFD tsom xam (ANSYS Fluent Professional)
Engineering tus nqi ntawm Insertion Ultrasonic Flow Meter Pipeline Structure Simulation
Vim li cas Simulation Technology xav tau?
Nyob rau hauv cov tswv yim engineering, kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ntxigultrasonic flowmetermuaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm cov kav dej. Cov txheej txheem ib txwm cia siab rau rov ua dua ntawm - site debugging, uas tsis yog tsuas yog kim tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov qauv tsim tsuas yog tom qab commissioning. Kev taw qhia txog kev simulation thev naus laus zis tau hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej no, ua rau cov kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas thiab daws cov teeb meem muaj peev xwm ntawm theem tsim.
Nws tus nqi tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv: hloov "kev sim- thiab- cov nqi yuam kev" los ntawm thaj chaw mus rau lub khoos phis tawj, hloov cov kev sim lub cev kim nrog cov lej suav.
Rau qhov teeb meem loj Engineering daws los ntawm Simulation
Yuav Ua Li Cas Txiav Txim Qhov Kev Tshawb Fawb
Flow ceev nyob rau hauv pipelines tsis yog uniformly faib. Lub luj tshib thiab li qub tsim cov vortices hauv zos, thiab kev txhim kho kev sojntsuam hauv cov chaw no yuav ua rau kev nyeem ntawv tsis zoo. Cov kws ua haujlwm siv cov tshuab ntsuas dej kom pom cov duab nrawm ntawm txhua qhov chaw hauv cov raj xa dej, yog li xaiv qhov chaw ruaj khov ntws hla - ntu rau kev teeb tsa sensor, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab qhov tseeb flow profile kho qhov tseeb (FPCF).
Kev xyaum qhia tau hais tias: qhov sib txawv me me hauv kev sojntsuam inclination lub kaum sab xis (ntawm 5-degree theem) yuav hloov lub xeev ntws hauv cheeb tsam ntsuas. Kev soj ntsuam ntau lub kaum sab xis kom pom qhov kev daws teeb meem nrog qhov yuam kev tsawg kawg yog yuav luag tsis muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev sim lub cev, tab sis kev txheeb xyuas kev suav tuaj yeem ua tiav nyob rau hauv hnub thaum suav nyiaj rau transducer protrusion thiab kev cuam tshuam rov qab.
Qhov tseeb Bottleneck nyob qhov twg
Kev ntsuas ultrasonic tso siab rau "lub sijhawm sib txawv" hauv paus ntsiab lus, thiab cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov dej tsis haum (kub, siab, muaj pes tsawg leeg) txhua yam cuam tshuam rau lub suab tshaj tawm. Cov qauv yooj yim empirical yog qhov nyuaj los npog tag nrho cov kev ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua tau raws li kev tswj xyuas kev hloov pauv qhov tseeb.
Simulation tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm daim duab qhia kev tsis sib xws thiab kev ntsuas qhov sib txawv los ntawm Reynolds tus lej kev txheeb xyuas. Piv txwv li, thaum cov dej kub hloov pauv ± 10 degree, lub suab hloov pauv ntau npaum li cas? Qhov kev hloov pauv no txhais li cas rau hauv kev ua yuam kev? Nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqis no, cov txiaj ntsig kub them nyiaj algorithms tuaj yeem tsim.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Ua Kom Tsis Txaus Siab Hauv Xeev
Cov qauv laminar ntws hauv cov ntawv nyeem tsis tshua pom hauv cov kav dej tiag tiag. Tshav kub, theem nrab ntws, thiab txawm roj-kua ob-theem ntws ua rau cov kev nrawm nrawm mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub xeev zoo. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tuaj yeem tsim cov phenomena nyuaj no. Cov teeb meem engineering qhia: qhov tseem ceeb tshaj tawm skewness tseem muaj 15 yeeb nkab diameters qis qis ntawm qee qhov 90-degree khoov. Yog tsis nkag siab qhov no, txaus xam raws li tus qauv khiav teb kev xav yuav deviate los ntawm ob peb feem pua cov ntsiab lus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau multipath ultrasonic.flow meterkev sib xyaw kom raug.
Acoustic Wave Propagation Path Optimization
Ultrasonic nthwv dej ntsib kev cuam tshuam xws li cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa reflections, weld scattering, thiab nruab nrab tsis yog -uniformity thaum propagation. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog tsis muaj zog lossis qhia lub suab nrov.
Acoustic simulation siv acoustic ray tracing simulation cov tswv yim qhia qhov tseeb trajectory ntawm kab teeb hauv cov kav dej. Qee qhov geometric configurations tsim "acoustic ntxoov ntxoo zones," uas ua rau tsis muaj zog heev tau txais cov cim; Lwm cov kev teeb tsa, txawm tias muaj cov teeb liab muaj zog, muaj ntau txoj kev cuam tshuam ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam waveform. Los ntawm kev sib piv kev tshuaj ntsuam, engineers tuaj yeem xaiv cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa nrog cov teeb pom kev zoo -rau- suab nrov piv.
Performance Assurance nyob rau hauv Installation Constraints
Standard specifications feem ntau xav tau 20 yeeb nkab diameters ntawm upstream ncaj yeeb nkab seem, tab sis teb tej yam kev mob feem ntau tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau. Cov nqi hloov pauv kav dej yuav ncav cuag ntau pua txhiab daus las.
Simulation muab kev ntsuam xyuas ua tau rau "tsis yog-tus qauv kev teeb tsa." Los ntawm kev xam cov℃ntawm ntws teb rov qab nyob rau hauv sib txawv cov yeeb nkab seem lengths, ua ke nrog multi-path configuration them nyiajtshuabsiv Gauss-Jacobi kev koom ua ke txoj kev, tsim nyog qhov tseeb yuav ua tiav nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tsuas yog 6-8 yeeb nkab diameters. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev soj ntsuam rau cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb, tsis yog siv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, thaum ua kom ntseeg tau tias ISO 17089 kev ua raws cai.
Kev siv tau rau Cov Xov Xwm Tshwj Xeeb
Kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob xws li siab- kua viscosity, slurries uas muaj cov khoom, thiab siab - kub siab - cov pa roj carbon monoxide muaj cov yam ntxwv ntws uas txawv ntawm cov kua dej li qub. Kev teeb tsa pob khaus tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom puas lossis kev ntsuas tsis ua haujlwm.
Simulation tso cai rau kev sim huab cua hauv qhov chaw virtual. Piv txwv li, xam seb puas muaj kev cuam tshuam quab yuam ntawm siab - cov pa ceev ceev ntawm qhov kev sojntsuam yuav ua rau cov qauv resonance los ntawm vortex shedding zaus kwv yees; los yog soj ntsuam seb puas muaj feem cuam tshuam zaus yuav ua rau lub sensor hnav. Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia txog kev xaiv cov khoom siv thiab kev tsim kho cov txheej txheem.
Ib thaj tsam ntawm Kev Siv Tshuab
Simulation tsis yog txhua yam. Nws qhov tseeb nyob ntawm:
- Seb tus qauv lej suav nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev tiag tiag
- Seb ciam teb chaw teeb tsa ua raws li qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag
- Seb cov kev pab cuam suav puas txaus rau kev daws teeb meem
Rau qhov tshwm sim tshiab ntws tshiab lossis kev ua haujlwm hnyav, cov txiaj ntsig simulation xav tau kev sim cov ntaub ntawv siv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, simulation tseem tuaj yeem nqaim qhov kev sim ua kom pom tseeb, tsom mus rau qhov tseem ceeb, thiab txhim kho kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob zoo.
Daim duab 3.1: Insertion-hom Ultrasonic Flowmeter
Daim duab 3.1 qhia tau hais tias feem ntau siv ntxig rau- hom ultrasonic flowmeter. Nws txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm yog txhawm rau nruab ib khub ntawm ultrasonic sensors ntawm ob sab ntawm lub raj xa dej, thiab ua tiav kev ntsuas qhov tseeb los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas thiab xam qhov sib txawv ntawm ultrasonic pulse velocities hauv downstream thiab ntws ntws. Thaum lub sij hawm ntsuas txheej txheem, cov sensors hloov pauv thiab tau txais cov teeb liab ultrasonic nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia. Lub ultrasonic signals propagate sai nyob rau hauv downstream ntws tshaj nyob rau hauv ntws ntws; thaum cov kua dej nyob ruaj khov, lub sijhawm sib txawv yog xoom. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm kev ntsuas lub sij hawm nthuav tawm ntawm ultrasonic tsis nyob rau hauv downstream thiab ntws ntws, lub sij hawm sib txawv t yuav tau. Raws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm t thiab flow velocity V, qhov nruab nrab ntws tshaj tawm ntawm cov kua tuaj yeem ntsuas tsis ncaj, thiab qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas Q tuaj yeem suav tau raws li cov kav dej hla - ntu ntu.
Kev tsim cov kua dej channel yuav tsum xav txog cov dej ntws nrawm thiab cov dej ntws ntau, qhov chaw tsim cov kav dej yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau ntau yam ntawm cov dej ntws tawm kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb ntawm kev ntsuas dej. Cov kua dej ntau dhau los yog qis qis tshaj tawm yuav kawg cuam tshuam rau kev nthuav tawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cim ultrasonic.
Qhov ntev ntawm lub raj xa dej, uas yog lub puab txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub raj xa dej, yuav tsum ua kom haum rau sab hauv txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov kav dej ntsuas kom txo tau qhov cuam tshuam rau cov dej ntws thiab yog li tsis txhob cuam tshuam qhov kev ntsuas zaum kawg. Cov qauv kev txhawb nqa hauv cov kav dej yuav tsum xaiv corrosion-tiv taus thiab hnav- cov ntaub ntawv resistant kom ntev kev pab cuam lub neej; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsim nyog tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom nws ruaj khov nyob rau hauv siab khiav ceev los yog siab siab. Lub ultrasonic transducer yuav tsum xaiv hom ultrasonic transducer uas tsim nyog (xws li hom yoj coj los yog hom kev xav) raws li daim ntawv thov, thiab tom qab ntawd xaiv txoj haujlwm tsim nyog rau nruab ultrasonic transducer kom paub meej tias cov teeb liab ultrasonic tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dhau los ntawm tag nrho cov kav dej.
Ntxiv rau cov xwm txheej saum toj no, kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Tang Xiaoyu [103] thiab lwm cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Zhejiang University kuj suav nrog: hauv qab 90℃khoov thiab 180℃khoov tej yam kev mob, kev cuam tshuam ntawm tsis yog - zoo tagnrho ntws tshaj tawm kev faib tawm ntawm txhua txoj kev acoustic ntawm ultrasonic flowmeter, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau kev khiav nrawm ntsuas thiab ntws. Zhang Zhijun thiab Zhu Yingsheng [102] thiab lwm tus kws tshawb fawb, raws li kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los, siv CFD simulation thev naus laus zis los ua simulation tsom ntawm 7 lub kaum ntse ntse (ntawm 5℃intervals) ntawm 30℃thiab 60℃rau ultrasonic transducer installation kaum. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias: qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv cuam tshuam rau qhov ntws nrawm nrawm hauv qhov zawj ntawm txoj kev acoustic. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus txheeb ze yuam kev ntawm qhov simulated ntws nrawm thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntws tshaj tawm tau soj ntsuam, thiab nws tau txiav txim siab tias qhov kev pom zoo transducer installation lub kaum sab xis rau tus tsim DN80 inch gas ultrasonic flowmeter yog 50 degree.
Insertion -hom Ultrasonic Flow Measurement Pipeline Simulation Research
Kev tshawb fawb simulation suav txog peb yam:
Cov kua dej dynamics simulation, ultrasonic propagation simulation, thiab structural mechanics simulation. Siv cov qauv CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) cov qauv, cov kua dej ntws hauv cov raj xa dej tuaj yeem simulated, thiab tom qab ntawd cov teebmeem ntawm cov khoom xws li cov dej ntws tawm thiab cov vortex ntws ntawm ultrasonic teeb liab tawm tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas. Thaum lub sij hawm simulation txheej txheem, ua tau vortices, npuas, thiab lwm yam nyob rau hauv cov kua yuav tsum tau xyuas kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog ultrasonic ntsuas ntau npaum li sai tau.
Noj cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntws tawm raws li qhov piv txwv, yog tias tag nrho lub cev ntev ntawm cov kav dej ntws ntws yog L=230 hli thiab txoj kab uas hla yog D=80 hli. Teem lub transducer installation lub kaum sab xis rau 30℃~ 60 degree, thiab tsim ib tug simulation qauv ntawm 5℃intervals. Lub kaum sab xis sib txawv tau pom hauv daim duab 3.2. Txhawm rau txo qis kev siv lub computer nco thiab suav cov load thaum ANSYS software ua haujlwm simulation, CFD qauv ntawm cov roj ultrasonic flowmeter tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim rau qee qhov, tsuas yog xav txog kev tsim cov kab nruab nrab ntawm lub flowmeter vaj tsev thiab cov qauv transducer, nrog rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ib ntus.
Tus qauv geometric muab faib ua peb ntu: pem hauv ntej pipeline, gas ultrasonic flowmeter, thiab rear pipeline. Ntawm lawv, cov kav dej pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab tau txais cov qauv mesh, nruab nrab roj ultrasonic flowmeter txais tetrahedral mesh, thiab Interface nto kev sib txuas yog siv ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txuas, nrog mesh refinement ntawm qhov chaw sib txuas. Lub qhov hluav taws xob thiab inlet ncaj pipelines txais cov qauv mesh raws li hexahedral mesh, nrog rau qhov siab tshaj plaws mesh mesh teem rau 2, Spacing1 (thawj ciam txheej mesh spacing) ntawm 1.5, Ratio1 (thawj ciam txheej mesh loj hlob tus nqi) ntawm 2, Spacing2 (thib ob ciam teb txheej mesh spacing) ntawm 1. 2. Qhov siab tshaj plaws mesh loj ntawm cov roj ultrasonic flowmeter lub cev ntu yog 5; Kev kho kom zoo hauv zos yog siv rau lub transducer mesh nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws mesh loj ntawm 1.5; Hauv zos refinement yog siv rau lub interface mesh, ua kom lub mesh loj ntawm 2.
Daim duab 3.2 Schematic daim duab ntawm Transducers ntawm txawv Installation Angles
Transducer Angle Optimization Results daim ntawv qhia
| Lub kaum sab xis | Vortex Intensity | Siab poob | Qhov tseeb | Daim ntawv thov zoo tshaj plaws |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 degree | Siab (15% yuam kev) | 12% ntawm ΔP | ±1.5% | Tsis pom zoo |
| 40 degree | Nruab nrab | 8% ntawm ΔP | ±1.0% | Tsawg Re naj npawb |
| 50 degree | Tsawg | 5% ntawm ΔP | ±0.5% | Qhov zoo tshaj plaws (DN80) |
| 60 degree | Nruab nrab | 7% ntawm ΔP | ±0.8% | Kev nrawm nrawm |
CFD Simulation Software Xaiv thiab teeb tsa
ANSYS Fluent vs COMSOL:Dab tsi yog qhov zoo dua rau ultrasonic flowmeter simulation?
Turbulence qauv sib piv:k-ε vs k-ω SST vs RSM rau Reynolds tus lej 10⁴-10⁷
Mesh cov qauv zoo:y+ < 1, nam ratio < 100, skewness < 0.85
Daim duab 3.3: Tus Qauv Qauv
Vim qhov loj tshaj plaws gradient nyob ze ntawm phab ntsa nto, ciam teb txheej mesh refinement yog saws, siv exponential kev loj hlob txoj cai, nrog Initial Height (pib qhov siab) teem rau 0.1, Qhov siab ratio (qhov sib piv ntawm txhua tus ciam txheej) ntawm 1.2, Number of Layers (number of boundary layers) of 3 tal. Qhov kawg tag nrho cov mesh suav yog kwv yees li 1.5 lab.Khau DN80 plaub-txoj kev transducer installation lub kaum sab xis ntawm 50℃ua piv txwv, cov txiaj ntsig kev faib mesh tau pom hauv daim duab 3.3.
Daim duab 3.4: Velocity Contour Maps ntawm Inlet Flow Velocity ntawm 10 m / s, Installation Angles ntawm 50℃thiab 30 degree
Txhawm rau kom nkag siab zoo dua cov dej xa tawm hauv cov raj xa dej ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, siv ob qhov teeb meem ntawm kev teeb tsa lub kaum sab xis ntawm 30℃thiab 50℃ua piv txwv, thaum lub qhov dej ntws tawm yog 10 m / s, qhov nrawm contour maps ntawm txoj kev ib thiab peb yog qhia hauv daim duab 3.4.
FAQ
Q: Puas yog tus qauv tsim yuav tsum xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kua dej (xws li viscosity, npuas, suspended solids)?
A: Qhov tsim nyog heev, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kua dej sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib kis ntawm ultrasonic: Siab - cov kua dej viscosity yuav tsum muaj zog dua lub teeb liab tsav thiab tus neeg txais kev xav tsim. Media nrog npuas lossis cov khoom raug tshem tawm ua rau cov teeb liab tawg, yog li xav tau SNR siab dua thiab cov teeb liab lim algorithms. Yog li ntawd, cov qauv thiab kev xaiv transducer yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo raws li kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm.
Q: Puas tuaj yeem tsim qhov ntxig ntxig- hom UltrasonicFlow MeterKev Pabcuam Hauv -site Real-Lub Sijhawm Saib Xyuas thiab Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Ntawm Qhov Chaw?
A: Cov qauv tsim niaj hnub feem ntau sib xyaw ua ke: 4-20 mA / Modbus / HART tso zis interfaces. Kev kuaj mob tus kheej muaj nuj nqi (lub teeb liab zoo, kuaj pom dej, thiab lwm yam). Nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog PLC / DCS lossis IIoT platform rau kev saib xyuas cov chaw taws teeb thiab ceeb toom ntxov, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Q: Puas yog Insertion -hom Structure haum rau Loj - txoj kab uas hla thiab siab -flow Conditions?
A: Yog lawm, piv rau cov tsim ua - hauv hom flange, qhov ntxig - hom qauv txo tus nqi qhib thiab zoo dua rau cov ntawv loj - txoj kab uas hla. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov hauv qab no hauv kev tsim: Teem kom tsim nyog sojntsuam qhov tob thiab lub kaum sab xis. Siv cov khoom siv siab - muaj zog los txhawb siab - ntws shear force. Xav txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev xa tawm nrawm thiab Reynolds tus lej ntawm txoj kev ntsuas.
Q: Puas yog Cov Txheej Txheem Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem Muaj Kev Xav Tau Zoo rau Cov Yeeb Nkab Ncaj? Nws Li Cas Mitigate Flow Distortion?
A: Yog lawm, vim hais tias kev ntsuas ultrasonic cia siab rau qhov chaw ruaj khov, kev ntxig- hom qauv feem ntau xav tau cov dej ntws loj dua lossis sib npaug rau 10 D, qis qis dua lossis sib npaug rau 5 D ncaj cov yeeb nkab ntu kom ntseeg tau tias qhov nrawm nrawm tau tsim tiav. Hauv kev tsim, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv tau: Optimizing sojntsuam lub kaum sab xis thiab txoj hauj lwm (lub kaum sab xis lossis lub suab ntawm lub kaum sab xis), Tswj kev sojntsuam- phab ntsa nrug, Flow teb kho daim phiaj lossis cov qauv qhia ntws.
Hu rau peb pawg neeg ua haujlwm engineering hnub no rau kev ntsuam xyuas ua tau pub dawb ntawm koj cov dej num thiab ntsuas kev ntsuas.
